Where the copper comes
from
-- ores containing copper are deposited in layers of the
earth [web52]
-- the groundwater dissolves copper ions from the ores, so
that the groundwater has a certain copper content (mostly
low, less than 10 μg / l) [web52]
-- water in copper pipes can also dissolve copper ions
[web52].
The antibacterial effect of copper
Mode of action of copper: kills microorganisms - boosts the
immune system - is anti-inflammatory
-- Copper has been known as a remedy since ancient times
[web21]
-- Bacteria die when they come into contact with copper
surfaces [web11]
-- Disease-causing germs die when they come into contact
with copper [on copper surfaces
90min., in
copper water at least
4 hours, e.g. in a
copper bottle or in a copper cup [the water must be kept in
it for
at least 4 hours] [web48]
-- Copper is toxic for microorganisms, but only "relatively
weakly toxic" for higher organisms [web01]
-- Ayurvedic sources state that keeping water in copper and
silver vessels is a way of disinfecting water [web20]
The antibacterial effect of copper
Mode of action of copper: kills microorganisms - boosts
the immune system - is anti-inflammatory
-- Copper has been known as a remedy since ancient times
[web21]
-- Bacteria die when they come into contact with copper
surfaces [web11]
-- Disease-causing germs die when they come into contact
with copper for at least 4 hours, e.g. in a copper bottle or
in a copper cup [the water must be kept in it for at least 4
hours] [web48]
-- Copper is toxic for microorganisms, but only "relatively
weakly toxic" for higher organisms [web01]
-- Ayurvedic sources state that keeping water in copper and
silver vessels is a way of disinfecting water [web20]
-- Copper increases the immune system and is
anti-inflammatory [web01]
-- Copper damages the DNA + cell membranes in
microorganisms: "The toxic effect arises from the fact that
copper ions bind to thiol groups of proteins and peroxidize
lipids in the cell membrane, which leads to the formation of
free radicals which damage the DNA and cell membranes.>
Copper surfaces have an antibacterial effect
in 90 minutes:
Copper pots - copper bottles - copper
handles - copper light switch - "copper room"
Water in copper pots (copper water)
Copper pots give off
health-promoting copper ions [6]
-- Copper pots can perform the sterilization of water, so
that negative
bacteria, viruses and fungi are
eliminated in the copper water [web46]:
Quote: "Copper has a sterilizing effect and
effectively kills bacteria, viruses, and fungi."
[web46]
-- The environmental protection agency of the "USA" (US
Environmental Protection Agency) has registered recently [in
approx. 2016] that the metal copper is the only solid
material that eliminates harmful bacteria [web46]:
Quote: "Recently,
the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
registered copper as the only solid surface
material to kill health-threatening bacteria."
[web46]
The copper bottle
Copper bottles give off health-promoting
copper ions [7]
-- when you deposit still water in a copper
bottle overnight
-- this water has measurably
fewer bacteria [web26]
-- this water has a higher pH
value [web26]
-- this water has a particularly
fresh and pure taste [web26]
-- Copper has an antibacterial effect with a
self-cleaning ("oligodynamic") effect like
silver [web01]
-- Contaminated water, which is kept in copper
cups for 16 hours, drastically reduces the
microbe content [web19]
-- Drink water from copper vessels:
"A study from 2016 showed that copper vessels
specifically reduce the number of E. coli and P.
aerugeinose microbes in the water. A liter of water with a
concentration of 1 mg copper resulted in a 99.9 %
Inactivation of both microbes detected. " [web07]
(original German: "Eine Studie aus dem Jahr 2016 zeigte,
dass Kupfergefäße speziell die Anzahl von E.Coli und P.
aerugeinose Mikroben im Wasser reduzieren. Bei einem Liter
Wasser mit einer Konzentration von 1 mg Kupfer wurde eine
99,9% Inaktivierung beider Mikroben festgestellt."
[web07])
-- Copper pipes [and copper
roofs] kill microorganisms [web01], also
copper suplies to ponds [web09]
"The British researcher Bill Keevil (University
of Southampton) has shown that copper kills the norovirus,
which is known to cause particularly nasty
gastrointestinal diseases. Even the notorious hospital
pathogen Staphylococcus aureus only survives an hour and a
half on copper [2] but not a bad idea, for example, to
make door knobs and handles in clinics and old people's
homes, handrails and handles in buses, subway and suburban
trains or in the ICE from copper, to copper them or at
least to use the good old brass. " [web08]
(orig. German: "Der britische Forscher Bill Keevil
(University of Southampton) hat nachgewiesen, dass Kupfer
den Norovirus abtötet, der bekanntlich besonders üble
Magen-Darm-Erkrankungen auslöst. Selbst der berüchtigte
Krankenhauserreger Staphylococcus aureus überlebt auf
Kupfer nur eineinhalb Stunden [2].
Da wäre es doch z. B. keine schlechte Idee, Türknäufe und
-klinken in Kliniken und Altenheimen, Haltestangen und
Griffe in Bussen, U- und S-Bahnen oder im ICE aus Kupfer
herzustellen, sie zu verkupfern oder wenigstens das gute
alte Messing zu nehmen." [web08])
Copper surfaces in
hospitals and clinics
Copper in
hospitals and
clinics: door
handles of
copper, copper
plates on
doors, etc. -
infection rate
almost 60%
less
Door
handles made of copper:
They kill pathogens in a
maximum of 90 minutes
(laboratory conditions),
in reality much faster [1]
- sliding carriage made of copper
[3] Copper kitchen appliances on a
copper wall frame 01 [4] - 02 [5]
-- Copper
on door handles and
light switches
disinfects the hands and
thus reduces the MRSA
germs (staphylococci) by
37%
(clinical study in
Hamburg: 50 door
handles, door plates and
light switches were
replaced) [web01]
--
Copper surfaces in hospitals eliminate
MRSA microbes (staphylococci) in 90
minutes, stainless steel
needs 3 days [web46]:
Quote: "Research conducted by Southampton
University in the U.K. showed that MRSA microbes remain
alive on stainless steel surfaces for up to three
days, whereas the same microbes on a copper
surface are eliminated within 90 minutes."
[web46]
-- Copper
surfaces in hospitals are
killing harmful and
infectious bacteria by 97%,
and the infection
rate in hospitals
falls by 40%
[web19].
Quote
(translation):
"In another
study,
researchers
found that
copper
surfaces in
hospitals
killed 97%
of the harmful
bacteria that
can lead to
infections.
Just because
of the copper
surfaces
alone, the
hospital infection
rate fell by
40%."
[web19]
(original
German: "In
einer weiteren
Studie fanden
Forscher
heraus, dass
Kupfer-Oberflächen
in
Krankenhäusern
97% der
schädlichen
Bakterien
töteten, die
zu Infektionen
führen können.
Nur wegen den
Kupferoberflächen
allein, die
Infektionsrate
im Krankenhaus
fiel um 40%."
[web19])
--
If all metal parts in a room are
made of copper, the infection
rate in "copper rooms" can
be reduced by almost 60%
(study in the USA 2010/2011)
[web01]
-- Objects made of copper
alloys have up to
92% LESS germs than objects made
of other metals (study in Chile
with a humidity of 7.2 to 19.7%)
or over 80% fewer (study in the
"USA" 2010 / 2011) [web01]
-- Whole clinics now only use vessels
made of copper alloys
(e.g. the Clinic for Pediatric
and Adolescent Medicine in the
Niederberg Clinic, North
Rhine-Westphalia (North
Rhine-Westphalia) [web01].
Further data on copper in
clinics and hospitals
-- Copper kills bacteria and could reduce
germs in hospitals if all metal objects are
made of copper alloys (bed rails, tables, door
handles), and the consequences were that the
4.5% rate of hospital acquired infections
(HAIs) was reduced by over 50 % - see the
journal "Infection Control and Hospital
Epidemiology" from May 2013 [web49]
-- a study by the University of South Carolina
in an intensive care unit of a hospital found
that copper in intensive care units (ICU)
kills 97% of dangerous bacteria and reduces
the risk of infection by 40%
[web49]
-- General: If all metal surfaces are made of
copper, this reduces the infections by
over 50% [web49]
Copper surfaces kill
Corona19 in 4 hours
-- Corona19 only survives approx. 4 hours
on copper, but on stainless steel or plastic up to 72
hours.
Quote
(translation): "Experiments by
the US health institute NIH
and the disease protection
agency CDC showed that copper
is also effective against
coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) or
SARS (SARS-CoV-1): SARS-CoV-2
only survives about four hours
on copper surfaces . On
stainless steel or plastic -
both unfortunately common in
many places in hospitals -
viable viruses were detectable
even 72 hours after
contamination "[web08]
(original
German: "Experimente unter anderem des
US-Gesundheitsinstituts NIH und der
Seuchenschutzbehörde CDC zeigten, dass
Kupfer auch gegen Coronavirus
(SARS-CoV-2) oder SARS (SARS-CoV-1)
wirkt: Auf Kupferoberflächen überlebt
SARS-CoV-2 nur etwa vier
Stunden. Auf
Edelstahl oder Kunststoff – beides in
Krankenhäusern leider an vielen
Stellen üblich – waren sogar 72
Stunden nach einer
Kontamination noch lebensfähige Viren
nachweisbar"
[web08])
Copper alloys (bronze, brass etc.) also have
an antibacterial effect
-- Copper alloys with a copper content of at least 60% also
show a toxic effect against noroviruses. [45] [web01]
Copper alloys are: copper + tin =
bronze - copper + zinc = brass - copper-silver -
copper-magnesium - copper-nickel - copper-beryllium [web02]
Coins of copper or brass
Euro
ents: copper
coins and
brass coins
[8]
-- Copper coins are germ-free: "The red money is
antiviral" (orig. German: "Das Rotgeld ist antiviral")
[web08]
-- The yellow brass euro coins (copper + zinc) are
antibacterial:
Quote (translation):
<Change, which consists of 10, 20 and 50
coins, should be put on the table for a little
time. After 4-5 hours, brass is germ-free [3]. A
copper content of 60 percent, as in brass (alloy
of copper and zinc), is highly effective against
viruses, bacteria and fungi. On
the other hand, the euro coins of 1 and 2 euro
are likely to be less sterile. Because pathogens
feel right at home on stainless steel. The brass
rim is hardly sufficient for sterility.>
[web08]
(original
German: <Wechselgeld, das aus 10er, 20er und 50er
Münzen besteht, sollte man am besten etwas liegen lassen.
Nach immerhin 4-5 Stunden ist Messing keimfrei [3].
Schon ein Kupferanteil von 60 Prozent wie im Messing
(Legierung aus Kupfer und Zink) ist hochwirksam gegen
Viren, Bakterien und Pilze. Weniger steril
dürften dagegen 1- und 2-Euromünzen sein. Denn auf
Edelstahl fühlen sich Krankheitserreger richtig wohl. Der
Messingrand reicht zur Keimfreiheit wohl kaum aus.>
[web08])
Copper and its medical
functions in humans
Copper is involved in physical processes
-- In most multicellular animals, copper is a
component of many enzymes, thus a vital trace
element, is a component of the blood pigment
haemocyanin in molluscs and arthropods, serves to
transport oxygen [web01]
Copper is involved
-- with 16 enzymes [web03]
-- in the formation of blood (especially in the
formation of the red blood pigment hemoglobin and in
the formation of the red blood cells) [web03]
-- in energy production (helps with electron
transport) [web03]
-- with the immune system [web03]
-- against inflammation [web03]
-- Copper is needed for proceeding the iron in the
body (divalent iron is catalyzed by copper to
trivalent iron) [web03]
-- Copper is involved with the formation of collagen
and elastin in the connective tissue [web03] -
promotes the formation of collagen and connective
tissue, thus promoting the elasticity and
flexibility of the skin [web04]
-- As an antioxidant, copper protects cell membranes
from damage [web03]
-- Copper cares for the adrenal and nervous system
through the synthesis of epinephrine and
noropinephrine [web03]
-- without copper the skin does not form melanin
[web03]
-- Pigments are formed with copper (hair color, skin
color) [web04]
-- Copper is important for cell respiration (supply
of body cells with oxygen) [web04]
-- Copper is a necessary trace element for bone
formation and bone growth [web04]
etc. etc.
Amounts of copper per day
-- Most of the copper is found in the human body in the
liver, in the brain, in the heart, in the kidneys and in
the skeletal muscles [web48]
-- Babies should receive 0.2 to 0.6 mg copper daily,
adults 0.5 to 1.5 mg - [a balanced whole grain food is
important] [web52].
Quote
(translation): "The German Nutrition Society (DGE)
indicates for babys a daily need of 0.2 and
0.6mg of copper per day for the firest months,
and for children and adults between 0.5 and 1.5mg
copper per day. In all age groups, the needed copper
can be required by food normally." [web52]
(original German: "Die Deutsche Gesellschaft für
Ernährung (DGE) gibt als täglichen Bedarf für
Säuglinge in den ersten Lebensmonaten zwischen 0,2 und
0,6 mg Kupfer pro Tag sowie bei Kindern und
Erwachsenen zwischen 0,5 und 1,5 mg Kupfer pro Tag an.
In allen Altersgruppen kann der Kupferbedarf in der
Regel über die Nahrung gedeckt werden." [web52])
-- a copper intake of up to 10mg per day [adult] is not a
problem, the EU food safety authority recommends a maximum
of 5mg [web52]:
Quote (translation): "Both
the European Food Safety Authority and the US Department
of Health and Human Sciences (ATSDR) see no potential
risk with a copper intake of up to 10 mg per person per
day. The European Food Safety Authority recommends that
adults should not consume more than 5 mg of copper per
day. " - Pregnant and breastfeeding women less - people
with copper diseases (metabolic disorders) are not
allowed to take in much copper [web52]
(original German: Zitat: "Sowohl die Europäische Behörde
für Lebensmittelsicherheit als auch das US Gesundheits-
und Sozialministerium (ATSDR/US Department of Health and
Human Sciences) sehen aber bei einer Kupferzufuhr von
bis zu 10 mg pro Person und Tag kein
Gefährdungspotenzial. Die Europäischen Behörde für
Lebensmittelsicherheit empfiehlt, dass Erwachsene nicht
mehr als 5 mg Kupfer täglich aufnehmen sollen." -
Schwangere und Stillende weniger - Menschen mit
Kupferkrankheiten (Stoffwechselstörungen) dürfen nicht
viel Kupfer aufnehmen [web52])
-- Copper promotes wound healing and
intercepts free radicals, is an antioxidant, protects
against premature aging, is a precaution against cancer
[web04]
Copper promotes health: copper promotes the absorption of
iron and thus the formation of red blood cells
-- can extend life [web46]
-- promotes iron absorption [web46]
-- participates in the formation of new red blood cells
[web46]
-- participates in the formation of collagen, a decisive
part in bones and connective tissue against premature aging
[web46]
-- cares for the nerve cells [web46]
-- cares for the immune system [web46]
-- acts as an antioxidant, reduces free radicals that can
cause cell and DNA damage [web46]
-- heals the airways [web46]
-- heals inflammation [web46]
-- heals the spleen [web46]
-- promotes the maintenance of the skeleton, the nervous
system and the cardiovascular system with [web46]
-- promotes cleaning of the intestinal walls [web46]
-- promotes healing in the abdomen [web46]
-- has healing properties on the heart, lungs, thyroid and
brain [web46]
-- heals the abdomen (lower chakras) and heals from the
lungs to the head (upper chakras) and thus balances the
chakras [web46]
Copper promotes the brain and creativity
-- Copper strengthens thoughts and metaphysically expands
the thoughts and improves the ability to develop intuition
[web46]
-- the copper content in the brain is proportional to the
creative thinking and to the discovery of problem solutions,
the more copper is available, the more nerve tracts can
develop [web46]
-- Copper reduces and removes blockages in the brain [web46]
-- Copper promotes general, spiritual well-being and has a
grounding effect [web46]
Copper diseases in humans: Too much copper
-- excess copper is excreted with the bile [web01]
-- people rarely suffer from a "copper storage disease"
[web01], thus metabolic disorders, so that those affected
cannot process the copper [web52]
-- a long, high supply of copper accumulates in the brain
capillaries, can damage the blood-brain barrier, the removal
of beta-amyloid is hindered, leading to Alzheimer's disease
- a study with the ionophore PBT2 as an active ingredient
caused Alzheimer's disease patients a reduction of zinc +
copper in the brain [web01].
Wilson's disease with copper deposits
-- Wilson's disease provokes copper deposition in the
liver, then in other organs, for example in the cornea of
the eye with Wilson's disease [web01]
-- with Wilson's disease the copper intake may only be
very low, copper accumulates in the liver, brain and eyes,
therefore liver damage and nerve disorders such as tremors
or unsteady walking are possible [web52]
Menkes syndrome with copper deposits
-- In the case of the copper metabolism disorder "Menkes
syndrome", the copper can be absorbed by the cells, but
not transported further in an orderly manner, so that some
organs are too heavily loaded with copper, other organs
get too less copper [web01]
Copper
diseases in humans: copper deficiency
Copper deficiency is caused by
-- stainless steel dishes: stainless steel is not copper
and is worthless in terms of health [web24]
-- certain metals provoke an excretion of copper from
the body like nickel, chromium, vanadium,
molybdenum [web24]
-- harmful heavy metals provoke an excretion of copper
from the body like cadmium or mercury
[web24]
-- harmful foods cause the excretion of copper:
especially fructose in fruit juice or in
sweeteners or in refined household sugar (consists of
50% fructose) [web24]
-- so: a lot of fruit juices and sugar will cause a
copper deficiency [web24]
-- copper deficiency can also occur after long diarrhea,
or with premature children [menstruation at 9], or after
long malnutrition [web01]
-- with processing problems (sprue, Crohn's disease,
cystic fibrosis) etc. [web01]
-- when high doses of zinc, iron or molybdate are taken
[web01]
-- when zinc supplements are taken for a long time
[web04]
-- too much vitamin C, zinc and calcium
hinders the absorption of copper [web04]
-- long consumption of zinc-containing food supplements
can disturb the absorption of copper [web04]
-- smoking hinders the
absorption of copper [web04]
-- after a long copper deficiency
a "microcytic" anemia is possible [anemia, lack of red
blood cells, too little oxygen in the blood] [web01],
energy problems, loss of performance, fatigue,
concentration problems, feelings of weakness, possibly
also disturbances in the nervous system [web04]
Other factors that provoke the excretion or blocking
copper absorption: egg yolk, phytic acid, vitamin C, iron,
zinc, vitamin B6:
- Egg yolk forms an insoluble bond
with copper in the intestine, which the body can no
longer absorb [web24]
- Phytic acid (contained in whole
grain cereals and legumes) also inhibits copper
absorption [web24]
- Vitamin C prevents the absorption
of copper. In addition, ascorbic acid dissolves the
copper from its enzyme compounds and transports it
into the tissue [web24]
- Iron, zinc and vitamin B6 also
reduce the absorption of copper from the intestine
into the blood. Above all, the much advertised
excessive consumption of zinc can cause or exacerbate
a copper deficiency [web24]
[Conclusion: all has to be in a
balance].
Copper deficiency diseases
Copper deficiency provokes
-- Malfunctions of many vital enzymes: glucose utilization
+ energy generation no longer works, detoxification no
longer works, immune system and defense against pathogens
become weak, nervous system and psychological mood become
unstable [web24]
-- chronic physical and psychological symptoms [web24]
-- overweight, insufficient fat loss [web07]
-- weak connective tissue [inelastic skin] [web04]
-- weakened immune system, which can provoke skin diseases
and infections [web04]
-- inflammatory diseases [web04]
-- cardiovascular diseases [web48]
-- depression, fragile bones, growth disorders,
infertility [web04]
-- the lack of blood pigment provokes pigmentation
disorders of the skin, gray hair [web04]
-- increased cholesterol level, heart diseases [web07]:
Quote: "Copper is part of two
antioxidant enzymes: the enzymes (superoxide dismutase
and ceruloplasmin) prevent the bad cholesterol from
oxidizing. This lowers the risk of heart disease."
[web07]
(original German: "Kupfer ist Teil von zwei
antioxidativen Enzymen: Die Enzyme (Superoxid-Dismutase
und Ceruloplasmin) verhindern die Oxidation des
schlechten Cholesterins. Dies senkt das Risiko von
Herzerkrankungen." [web07])
Here are the scientifically proven copper deficiency
symptoms: [web24]
- fatigue syndrome
- weakness
- depression
- diarrhea
- hypercholesterolemia (high cholesterol levels)
- emphysema (chronic lung disease)
- hypochromic and microcytic anemia (certain types of
anemia)
- leukopenia (too few leukocytes in the blood, can be
seen in the blood picture)
- neutropenia (too few neutrophils in the blood,
recognizable by the blood picture)
- infections
- myocardial degeneration (heart damage)
- alopecia (hair loss)
- dermatoses (skin diseases)
- osteoporosis [hollow bones] [web24]
-- lack of energy, burnout [web24]
-- cholesterol metabolism is disturbed and therefore
dangerous LDL cholesterol is produced [web24]
-- muscle tension [web27]
People with a copper deficiency are for example
- Infants who are only fed with cow's milk [web03] or
when they are not breastfed [web04]
- people with a one-sided nutrition and poor absorption
of nutrients (malabsorption)
- people suffering of strong oxidative stress, e.g. from
smoking
- people with gastrointestinal disorders (chronic
diarrhea, intestinal inflammation)
- people suffering all possible inflammatory diseases
- people with disorders in the immune system
- people with a nephrotic syndrome (pathologically
impaired protein metabolism)
- people with cystic fibrosis [gland malfunction]
- people proceeding a therapy with antacids (stomach
acid binding agents), penicillin [web03]
- "A copper deficiency can also occur more frequently
during pregnancy" [web04]
[and during each menstruation women have difficulty with
blood and copper because a lot of blood has to be
regenerated].
Diseases with low copper level (copper deficiency)
"Low copper levels are often found in many diseases: e.g.
cancer, hepatitis, diabetes (diabetes), gastritis,
constipation, heart failure, hypertension (high blood
pressure), hypotension (too low blood pressure), arrhythmia,
eczema, periodontal disease and bronchitis. Some diseases
such as cystic fibrosis and nephrotic syndrome (disturbed
protein metabolism) are found to have a pronounced copper
deficiency. [...]
As a rule, if there is a copper deficiency, it is possible
to influence the copper values therapeutically, but it is
necessary more often than it is actually carried out.
Some diseases are also characterized by an excess of copper.
Examples are osteoarthritis, colitis, prostatitis and
sinusitis. " [web03]
Measuring copper in the blood is not that
easy
It is not easy to measure the copper values because
-- the copper in the blood is increased when the immune
system has to fight an infection (acute copper requirement).
<Further parameters for the copper status are
original:
- Die Diaminoxidase (DAO): Dieses Enzym wird
von der Darmschleimhaut gebildet und dient dem
Abbau von Histamin. Eine erniedrigte Aktivität
der DAO führt zur Histaminintoleranz und kann
durch einen Kupfermangel bedingt sein.
- Das Coeruloplasmin: Dies ist ein wichtiges
Speicher- und Transportprotein für Kupfer.
Erhöhte Serumwerte für Coeruloplasmin werden
bei Infektionskrankheiten und in der
Schangerschaft gefunden, erniedrigte bei
Morbus Wilson. (Quelle Roche Lexikon Medizin)
- Die Superoxyd-Dismutase (SOD), auch als
Hämocuprein bezeichnet: Dies ist ein
kupferhaltiges Enzym in den Erythrozyten und
im Plasma des Blutes, das für die Entfernung
von Wasserstoffperoxyd-Radikalen nötig ist.
Einer amerikanischen Studie zufolge ist die
SOD der verlässlichste Status für den
Kupferstatus im Körper. Bei uns wird die SOD
leider (noch) nicht zur Bestimmung eines
möglichen Kupfermangels herangezogen.
- Die Kombination des Serumkupfers und des
Coeruloplasminwertes ergibt aber auch wichtige
Hinweise zum Kupferspiegel. Wenn beide Werte
erhöht sind, ist dies ein Hinweis auf eine
Infektion oder sonstige Krankheit mit einem
erhöhten Kupferbedarf. Wenn beide erniedrigt
sind, spricht das laut dem Roche Lexikon
Medizin für einen Morbus Wilson. Bei dieser
seltenen Erbkrankheit wäre eine erhöhte
Kupferaufnahme wohl schädlich und würde
möglicherweise zu einer Kupferüberlastung
führen.
- Andererseits ist bekannt, dass das
Transportprotein Coeruloplasmin schnell
abgebaut wird, wennn es kein Kupfer zu
transportieren gibt. Das heißt, ein
ausgeprägter Kupfermangel führt zu einem
erniedrigten Coeruloplasmin, und dieses
wiederum bewirkt, dass das Kupfer nicht (mehr)
ausreichend gebunden werden kann und in
ungebundener Form dann möglicherweise
schädlich ist. Ursache eines niedrigen
Coeruloplasminspiegels ist dann wohl ein
starker Kupfermangel mit leeren
Kupferspeichern, nur muss hier das Kupfer
vorsichtig und einschleichend zugeführt
werden.> [web24]
|
translation:
- The diamine oxidase (DAO): This enzyme is
produced by the intestinal mucosa and is
used to break down histamine. A reduced
activity of the DAO leads to histamine
intolerance and can be caused by a copper
deficiency.
- Ceruloplasmin: This is an important
storage and transport protein for copper.
Elevated serum values for ceruloplasmin
are found in infectious diseases and in
pregnancy, and decreased serum values in
Wilson's disease. (Source Roche Lexicon
Medicine)
- Superoxide dismutase (SOD), also known as
haemocuprein: This is an enzyme that
contains copper in the erythrocytes and in
the plasma of the blood, which is necessary
for the removal of hydrogen peroxide
radicals. According to an American study,
SOD is the most reliable status for the
copper status in the body. Unfortunately, we
do not (yet) use the SOD to determine a
possible copper deficiency.
- The combination of the serum copper and the
ceruloplasmin value also provides important
information about the copper level. If both
values are elevated, this is an indication
of an infection or other illness with an
increased copper requirement. If both are
humiliated, according to the Roche Lexicon
Medicine, this speaks for Wilson's disease. In
the case of this rare hereditary disease, an
increased copper intake would probably be
harmful and possibly lead to copper overload.
- On the other hand, it is known that the
transport protein ceruloplasmin is broken down
quickly when there is no copper to transport.
This means that a pronounced copper deficiency
leads to a reduced ceruloplasmin, and this in
turn means that the copper cannot (no longer)
be sufficiently bound and is then potentially
harmful in unbound form. The cause of a low
ceruloplasmin level is then a severe copper
deficiency with empty copper stores, only here
the copper must be added carefully and
slowly.> [Web24]
|
|
Formatzeile
|
Concerning the difficulties of measuring copper in the
blood, it is better to suspect a copper deficiency based on
symptoms and treat with small doses of copper and see
whether the symptoms improve or not. If they improve, one
can conclude that there is a copper deficiency [web24].
